Before continuing, make sure to review and practice the previous week's lesson here.
We all have something that we just love to do. Personally, I love nothing more than relaxing on the couch with a good book, going to the movies, or if the weather is nice, spending a day outdoors and going for a hike in the mountains. But I don't love everything. I'm not particularly fond of waiting in lines(kinda ironic, as I live in Taiwan) and I'm not the biggest fan of traffic jams, but then, who is? In today's lesson, you are going to be learning how to talk about your likes and dislikes in Mandarin Chinese.
Expressing likes: In Mandarin, we say "我喜歡…", which means "I like…", we can use this as a general phrase to talk about things we like, or we can use it to form more specific sentences. For example, I can say 我喜歡蘋果 I like apples, or I could be more specific and tell you that 我喜歡吃蘋果 I like to eat apples. So let's take a look at the following sentences, and repeat along with me to check your pronunciation.
1. I like to play basketball.
我喜歡打籃球。
wŏ xĭ huān dă lán qiú.
2. I like to watch movies.
我喜歡看電影。
wŏ xĭ huān kàn diàn yĭng .
3. I like to go hiking.
我喜歡爬山。
wŏ xĭ huān pá shān.
4. I like reading novels.
我喜歡看小說。
wŏ xĭ huān kàn xiăo shuō.
5. I like listening to music.
我喜歡聽音樂。
wŏ xĭ huān tīng yīn yuè.
Watch the attached video file and practice repeating each phrase until you feel confident enough to move on to the next part.
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Expressing dislikes: Okay, so now you have the basics down, let's talk about dislikes. To make a negative statement in Mandarin Chinese, we usually add a 不 in front of the firs verb in a statement. This is not always the case, the negative form of the word "to have" 有, is 沒有. Note that a 沒 has been added in front of 有, not a 不, so saying 不有 would be incorrect. Just as when we were talking about likes, we can express dislikes in a general or more specific manner. So let's take our earlier example with the apples, 我喜歡吃蘋果, we can make this into a negative statement by adding a 不 before 喜歡, to indicate that we "don't like…" and it would look like his 我不喜歡吃蘋果, I don't like to eat apples. So let's take a closer look at how this is applied.
1. I don't like waking up early.
我不喜歡早起床。
wŏ bù xĭ huān zăo qĭ chuáng .
2. I don't like rainy weather.
我不喜歡下雨天。
wŏ bù xĭ huān xià yŭ tiān.
3. I don't like scary movies.
我不喜歡恐怖片。
wŏ bù xĭ huān kŏng bù piàn.
4. I don't like traffic jams.
我不喜歡塞車。
wŏ bù xĭ huān sāi chē .
5. I don't like to wait in lines.
我不喜歡派對。
wŏ bù xĭ huān pài duì.
Watch the attached video file and practice repeating each phrase until you feel confident enough to move on to the next part.
Note, when answering a question, answers are are often cut short, as the topic of the sentence is understood. So, going back to our apple analogy, if someone asks you 你喜歡吃蘋果嗎?It's acceptable to answer 我喜歡吃 or 我不喜歡吃, or just simply say 喜歡(吃) or 不喜歡(吃), rather than a full statement 我喜歡吃蘋果 or 我不喜歡吃蘋果. Don't worry about remembering all of that now, the important point is that you realize Mandarin is a flexible language.
Dialogue: Read and listen to the following dialogue, then answer the questions below.
A: Sara! Where are going?
莎拉! 你去哪裡?
shā lā !nĭ qù nă lĭ ?
B: Oh, hi Thom! You scared me!
喔,你好湯拇 !你嚇我一跳!
ō, nĭ hăo tāng mŭ !nĭ xià wŏ yī tiào !
A: Sorry! I just saw you walking and wanted to see what you were doing.
對不起! 我剛看到你走路,想要知道你在幹嘛。
duì bù qĭ !wŏ gāng kàn dào nĭ zŏu lù, xiăng yào zhī dào nĭ zài gàn ma.
B: It's okay, I'm fine! I'm going hiking with some friends.
沒關係,我沒事! 我要跟一些朋友一起去爬山。
méi guān xì, wŏ méi shì !wŏ yào gēn yī xiē péng yŏu yī qĭ qù pá shān.
A: I can't stand hiking, it's exhausting!
我受不了爬山,太累了!
wŏ shòu bù liǎo pá shān, tài lèi le!
B: I like it a lot! I think it's really fun!
我很喜歡! 我覺得很好玩!
wŏ hĕn xĭ huān !wŏ jué de hĕn hăo wán !
A: I like swimming! It feels great on a hot day like this!
我喜歡游泳! 天氣像今天怎麼熱,就很舒服!
wŏ xĭ huān yóu yŏng !tiān qì xiàng jīn tiān zĕn me rè, jiù hĕn shū fú !
B: I like swimming a lot too!
我也很喜歡游泳!
wŏ yĕ hĕn xĭ huān yóu yŏng !
A: Then let's go swimming together next weekend.
那麼,我們下個周末一起去游泳吧。
nà me, wŏ men xià gè zhōu mò yī qĭ qù yóu yŏng ba.
B: Only if you come hiking with us today!
今天跟我們一起來,我才跟你去啊!
jīn tiān gēn wŏ men yī qĭ lái, wŏ cái gēn nĭ qù a !
A: Okay okay, it's a deal!
好了好了,我同意了!
hăo le hăo le, wŏ tóng yì le !
Notes: In Chinese, nouns have a special measure word. The most common one is 個, when in doubt just say 個 and you'll probably be right! I'll be introducing more of these to you in later lessons. Also, the character 了 is used to show a change of state or that something has taken place, such as past action. There are other ways to speak about the past in Chinese, and other ways to use 了, so more on this in the future. 吧 is usually used to indicate a suggestion.
Comprehension Questions: I'm not going to give you an English translation for the following questions, I want to see how much you can intuitively figure out from what we have already learned. Take a minute to email me you answers and I will let you know how you did! Consider it "homework".
1. 誰被嚇到了?
shéi bèi xià dào le?
2. 湯拇喜歡爬山嗎?
tāng mŭ xĭ huān pá shān ma?
3. 誰喜歡游泳?
shéi xĭ huān yóu yŏng?
4. 他們要一起去幹嘛?
tā men yào yī qĭ qù gàn ma?
5. 湯拇同意了嗎?
tāng mŭ tóng yì le ma?
Essential Vocabulary: Here's a list of some of the most useful phrases that we learned in this lesson. Practice them and record yourself and compare your pronunciation to mine.
1. 你嚇我一跳= you scared me
2. 剛= just
3. 看到= see
4. 走路= walk
5. 知道= know
6. 在幹嘛= doing(what?)
7. 我沒事= I'm fine
8. 一些= a few
9. 朋友= friend(s)
10. 我受不了= I can't stand…
11. 太累了= tiring
12. 覺得= think
13. 游泳= swimming
14. 天氣= weather
15. 像= to be like (something)
16. 今天= today
17. 熱= hot
18. 就= in that case/then
19. 很= very
20. 舒服= comfortable
21. 我們= we/us
22. 下個周末= next weekend
23. 同意= agree
Languages: I saved this section for after we had gotten to be familiar with different countries of the world and their nationalities in Chinese, as it is a little more complex to form languages. Now don't go getting discouraged on me, you can do it, it just may take you a little more practice. The reason being, there are multiple ways to form the name of a language in Chinese. Just as we added 人 to 英國 to get 英國人, there are also several building blocks for "converting" a country to a language. The basic pieces are the country(minus the character 國 if present in the country's name), 文, 語 and 話. But they aren't one size fits all, unlike 人. For example, I could translate English as 英文 (note that the 國 gets cut off) or 英語, but I couldn't say 英國話.
To sum it up, the formula is:
country(-國) + 文/語 = language
Or, sometimes…
country + 話 = language
So lets take a look at the languages spoken in each of the countries we've learned, and the different ways we can say them. Lets also take this opportunity to practice making sentences with 講 jiǎng, which means to speak.
1. 美國人講英文。
2. 加拿大人講英語。
3. 墨西哥人講西班牙話。
4. 巴西人講葡萄牙文。
5. 英國人講英文。
6. 西班牙人講西班牙話。
7. 法國人講法文。
8. 義大利人講義大利文。
9. 德國人講德國話。
10. 希臘人講希臘話。
11. 俄羅斯人講俄語。
12. 土耳其人講土耳文。
13. 菲律賓人講講菲語。
14. 印度人講印度話。
15. 馬來西亞人講馬來西亞文。
16. 日本人講日語。
17. 泰國人講泰語。
18. 新加坡人講中文。
19. 中國人講中國話。
20. 台(臺)灣人講華語。
Story: Now read along with and listen to the following story. Use the vocabulary along with the grammar you just learned to answer the "homework" questions below.
Last year, William went traveling in China. He met a lot of friendly Chinese people and ate a lot of Chinese food…he even learned how
to use chopsticks! He also met people from many different countries. He made a Japanese friend named Takashi. Takashi couldn't speak English, so they used Chinese to communicate! William had fun in China, but he's glad to be back in America with his family.
去年,威廉去中國旅行. 他有認識很多好的中國人和吃了很多中國菜。。。甚至他學會用筷子!他有認識過一位日本的朋友叫Takashi。Takashi不會講英文,所以他們用中文溝通了!威廉在中國的時候過的很快樂,但是他現在很開心回來美國跟他家人在一起。
qù nián wēi lián qù zhōng guó lǚ xíng. tā yŏu rèn shí hĕn duō hăo de zhōng guó rén hé chī le hĕn duō zhōng guó cài…shèn zhì tā xué huì yòng kuài zi!tā yŏu rèn shí guò yī wèi rì bĕn de péng yŏu jiào Takashi. Takashi bù huì jiăng yīng wén suŏ yĭ tā men yòng zhōng wén gōu tōng le!wēi lián zài zhōng guó de shí hòu guò de hĕn kuài lè dàn shì tā xiàn zài hĕn kāi xīn huí lái mĕi guó gēn tā jiā rén zài yī qĭ.
Comprehension Questions:
1. 威廉現在在中國嗎?
wēi lián xiàn zài zài zhōng guó ma?
2. 威廉有吃了很多日本的菜嗎?
wēi lián yŏu chī le hĕn duō rì bĕn de cài ma?
3. Takashi 是德國人嗎?
Takashi shì dé guó rén ma?
4. Takashi 會講英文嗎?
Takashi huì jiăng yīng wén ma?
5. 威廉現在為什麼快樂?
wēi lián xiàn zài wéi shén me kuài lè?
Essential Vocabulary: Here's a list of some of the most useful phrases that we learned in this lesson. Practice them and record yourself and compare your pronunciation to mine.
1. 去年= last year
2. 旅行= travel
3. 很多= many
4. 認識= meet/know someone
5. 中國菜= Chinese food
6. 甚至= even
7. 學會= learn to do something
8. 朋友= friend
9. 所以= so
10. 用= use
11. 但是= but
12. 也= also
13. 時候= a point in time
14. 回來= return
15. 跟…在一起= be with (someone)
Where are you from? Where are going? Where would you like to visit? These are all questions you need to be able to answer! So today's lesson is going to focus on introducing you to a base of countries you can speak about in Chinese. Of course this list is not exhaustive(I don't even know EVERY country in the world's English name for crying out loud!), but this is a good place to start. If you are interested in learning the names of any specific countries that aren't in the list (not because I don't like them, just because my fingers hurt from all the typing, lol!), then please feel free to send me an email and I'll add it to the list right away, boss! It is also helpful to know what people from different countries are called and what languages they speak, so I will teach you each respective country on the list below's nationality in this lesson. Check out the next lesson in this series to learn about talking about languages in Mandarin. Remember to review last week's lesson if you haven't already.
How many times do you say hello to someone on any given day? Unless you're a hermit, or just plain rude, chances are a few times at the very least, and most likely more often than that. No matter where you are in the world, or what language is being spoken, people are saying hello to each other. They just might have different ways to do it. In the first part of this lesson, I will teach you several common Chinese greetings. Later on in part two you will be reading and listening to a dialogue in Mandarin and learning how to put these greetings into practical use. But first, let me see how much you remember from our last lesson. What is the correct English translation of 你好? A. Goodbye, B. See you later, C. Hello, D. Good luck. Everyone answered A. Goodbye, right?!? I certainly hope not. If you answered anything besides C. Hello, then you should practice lesson one for a few more days before proceeding. Have no fear! Rome wasn't built in a day (or at least that's what I hear, anyway) and Taipei 101 wasn't either!
Now let's get started!
Five Essential Greetings:
1. 早安 zăo ān = good morning
Note: 早安 is more often than not shorted to just 早, Taiwanese people especially like to cut out a lot of characters that are considered as understood in a sentence, though it's not a bad idea to practice the full phrases in the beginning.
2. 午安 wŭ ān= good afternoon
3. 吃飽了嗎? chī băo le ma?= Have you eaten?
Note: You can either answer 有, which means "have", but in this case means "yes", followed by 吃飽了(to show that you "have" eaten) or 還沒, "not yet".
4. 好久不見 hăo jiŭ bù jiàn= long time no see
5. 您好 nín hăo(formal version of 你好)= hello (formal)
Listen to the attached audio file and practice repeating each phrase until you feel confident enough to move on to the next part.
Dialogue: Read and listen to the following dialogue, then answer the questions below.
A: Young Chen, hello!
小陳,你好!
xiăo chén nĭ hăo!
B: Hello Mrs. Wang. Have you eaten yet?
王太太, 你好。你吃飽了嗎?
wáng tài tài, nĭ hăo. nĭ chī băo le ma?
A:Not yet! I am going to buy dinner now.
還沒啊!我現在去買晚餐。
hái méi a! wŏ xiàn zài qù măi wăn cān
B: Do you mind if I join you?
那麼我跟你一起去吃,好嗎?
nà me wŏ gēn nĭ yī qĭ qù chī, hăo ma?
A: Of course!
當然好啊!
dāng rán hăo a!
B: Awesome! In that case, what do you want to eat?
太棒了!那麼你想要吃什麼呢?
tài bàng le! nà me nĭ xiăng yào chī shén me ne?
A: I want to eat beef noodle soup.
我要吃牛肉麵。
wŏ yào chī niú ròu miàn.
B: Me too! Ahh!
我也是!哎喲!
wŏ yĕ shì! āi yō!
A: What's wrong?
怎麼了?
zĕn me le?
B: I didn't bring money!
我沒帶錢!
wŏ méi dài qián!
A: No problem, I'll treat you.
沒關係,我來請客。
méi guān xi, wŏ lái qĭng kè.
B: Thank you! Next time it's my turn to treat!
謝謝你的! 下一次換我來請!
xiè xiè nĭ de! xià yī cì huàn wŏ lái qĭng!
Culture Note: in Chinese, nick names for younger people are often formed by adding 小 in front of a surname, i.e. 小陳 for small(or young) Chen.
Comprehension Questions: I'm not going to give you an English translation for the following questions, I want to see how much you can intuitively figure out from what we have already learned. Take a minute to email me you answers and I will let you know how you did! Consider it "homework".
1. 誰要去買晚餐?
shéi yào qù măi wăn cān?
2. 王太太吃飽了嗎?
wáng tài tài chī băo le ma?
3. 他們很喜歡吃牛肉麵嗎?
tā men hĕn xĭ huān chī niú ròu miàn ma?
4. 誰沒帶錢?
shéi méi dài qián?
5. 小陳要請客嗎?
xiăo chén yào qĭng kè ma?
Essential Vocabulary: Here's a list of some of the most useful phrases that we learned in this lesson. Practice them and record yourself and compare your pronunciation to mine.
1. 還沒= not yet
2. 現在= now
3. 那麼= then/in that case
4. 跟你一起…= Do…with you
5. 好嗎?= Okay?
6. 當然= of course
7. 太棒了= Awesome!
8. 想要= want
9. 什麼?= what?
10. 我也是= me too
11. 怎麼了?= What's wrong?
12. 沒關係= no problem
13. 謝謝= thank you/thanks
First off, Mandarin Chinese is a tonal language, which means that the tone in which you speak has an impact on the meaning of the words. There are four primary tones and a fifth softer tone. Below is a description of the tones with an audio file attached. In it you will be learning an old exercise that I first learned when I began learning Chinese. So what are you waiting for?